Spuneti-mi va rog cum se formeaza Past Simple, Present Perfect si Present Perfect Continuous.*Present perfect e S+has/had+vb+ed?

1.present perfect:
S+has/have + past participle
1. pentru o actiune trecuta cand nu se precizeaza timpul exact (dar se stie ca e in trecut)

I have seen that movie 10 times. (Am vazut acel film de 10 ori.)

2. actiunea din trecut are repercursiuni in prezent

I have seen an interesting museum.

(Am vazut un muzeu interesant.)... in prezent imi amintesc bine acel muzeu.

3. actiunea e terminata in trecutul apropiat.

It has just rained. (Tocmai a plouat.)

In general, propozitiile contin adverbe precum just, recently, lately, latterly, till now, up to now, so far, up to the present, last week.

2.Present simple:
S+VERB + s/es (pentru persoana a 3-a singular)

1. pentru a exprima adevaruri general valabile (nu poti sa le schimbi in viitor)

The sun rises in the East and sets in West. (Soarele rasare in Est si apune in Vest.)

2. pentru a exprima actiuni care se repeta in mod regulat (sau nu se repeta deloc si devin general valabile)

I drink a tea every day. (Beau ceai in fiecare zi.)

In acest caz repetarea actiunii se "marcheaza" prin: every day/ month/ week/ year, occasionally, often, usually, sometimes, seldom, twice a week.

3.past continous:
S+was/were + present participle

1. pentru a exprima o actiune in progres la un anumit moment din trecut

I remember that yesterday at 5 Pm I was watching TV.

2. pentru a arata ca o actiune trecuta a fost intrerupta de o alta

I was playing a computer game when she called.

3. folosind "Past Continuous Tense" pentru actiuni trecute sublinieaza ideea de paralelism, simultaneitate (se cunoaste timpul)

Last evening at 5 Pm, I was studying while he was making dinner.

4. pentru a exprima iritarea vis-a-vis de actiuni care se repetau in trecut

He was constantly/ always coming late to the English class.

(Intotdeauna venea tarziu la ora de engleza.)

5. pentru a exprima conditionalul prezent ireal continuu

What would you say if the boy were studying now? (Discutie intre parinti cand se pregatesc sa intre in camera copiilor. Ei nu se asteapta ca baiatul lor sa invete acum.)

4.Past simple:
Acest timp desemneaza o actiune care a avut loc in trecut, dar care este amintita in momentul prezent.
S+a) VERB+ed --> pentru verbele regulate.



b) forma a 2-a a verbelor neregulate --> pentru verbele neregulate.

1. actiunea e in trecut; timpul e definit cu exactitate (last week, last month, last year, that day, that week, that year, in 1990, on Thursday, 10 years ago)



I visited London 10 years ago.

(Am vizitat Londra acum 10 ani.)



2. pentru o actiune care era o obistuinta in trecut (acum nu mai e)



We went to the Black See every year.

(acum nu mai mergem in fiecare an la Marea Neagra)

(Am mers la Marea Neagra in fiecare an. /Obisnuiam sa mergem la Marea Neagra in fiecare an)



3. in fraze ce implica utilizarea lui "Present Conditional (Unreal)"



Where would you stay if you went to Bucharest?

(Unde ai sta daca ai merge la Bucuresti?)

4. in fraze ce implica utilizarea lui "Future-in-the-Past" (cand actiunile viitoare fata de actiunea trecuta sunt simultane)



He promised me that we would go to Italy when he had time. (when arata simultaneitatea)

(Mi-a promis ca vom merge in Italia cand va avea timp.)
Sper ca te-am ajutat!



(Ce ai spune daca baiatul ar invata acum?)

Past Simple este S+vb la forma a doua. La verbele regulate se adaugă ed, iar la cele nergulate foloseşti forma a doua.
Present perfect=S+vb To have+vb de conjugat la forma a treia
Present Perfect continuous=S + vb To have + vb. la infinitiv + terminaţia"-ing"