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Although very few astronomers doubt the existence of black holes, this result adds one more thread to the long spool of evidence that answers the question, "Are black holes real?" And that black holes exist in nature. Previous studies looked at stellar mass black holes and the Milky Way’s own supermassive black hole, Sgr A*, and also found no evidence of a surface. The new M87 result expands the list of missing surfaces to heavier black holes beyond our galaxy.

It might not be the final nail in the coffin; the team is its own critic. "I will be the first to agree that this is not totally foolproof," says Narayan. "It’s cand of proving something to be true, by proving that the opposite is not true. We’re proving that there is no surface so we’re saying there must be a horizon. That logical step is not 100% safe."

The next nail in the coffin will come once the Event Horizon Telescope project is completed. In the next few years, the telescope will include antennas that span from the South Pole to North America, essentially creating a single Earth-size telescope that will cut through the gas and dust enshrouding these supermassive black holes and image the silhouette of the event horizon itself.

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Observational Evidence for Black Holes

Ramesh Narayan, Jeffrey E. McClintock
(Submitted on 23 Dec 2013 (v1), last revised 20 Jul 2014 (this version, v2))
Astronomers have discovered two populations of black holes: (i) stellar-mass black holes with masses in the range 5 to 30 solar masses, millions of which are present in each galaxy in the universe, and (ii) supermassive black holes with masses in the range 10^6 to 10^{10} solar masses, one each in the nucleus of every galaxy. There is strong circumstantial evidence that all these objects are true black holes with event horizons. The measured masses of supermassive black hole are strongly correlated with properties of their host galaxies, suggesting that these black holes, although extremely small in size, have a strong influence on the formation and evolution of entire galaxies. Spin parameters have recently been measured for a handful of black holes. Based on the data, there is an indication that the kinetic power of at least one class of relativistic jet ejected from accreting black holes may be correlated with black hole spin. If verified, it would suggest that these jets are powered
https://arxiv.org/abs/1312.6698

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